Overview

What is RiskScape?

RiskScape is an open-source spatial data processing application used for multi-hazard risk analysis. RiskScape is highly customizable, letting modellers tailor the risk analysis to suit the problem domain and input data being modelled.

RiskScape can bring together input data from a wide range of different formats and apply a variety of geospatial, statistical and data manipulation operations. This lets users model a variety of workflows in a consistent way, while simplifying the complexities (and quirks) of working with geospatial data.

The RiskScape software supports highly-parallelized processing of datasets, making RiskScape suitable for a variety of deployments, from running simple deterministic models on a laptop through to running computationally-intensive probabilistic models on a high-end cloud computing instance.

RiskScape gives you the power to define your own risk analysis calculations to aid in decision making, policy and planning decisions, and help better mitigate risk from natural and human-made hazards.

What does RiskScape do?

RiskScape provides a flexible data processing framework for analysing geospatial risk models.

RiskScape takes a variety of input layers and geospatially stitches them together. For example, RiskScape can take a building portfolio and a flood hazard map and tell you the flood depth (if any) that each building was exposed to.

You can provide your own Python function that RiskScape will use to compute the impact (e.g. repair cost) or analyse the consequence that the flood has on each building individually.

RiskScape can then collate the results, such as summing the losses for buildings located in a particular region.

Visualized, the workflow for this simple example model would look like this:

graph LR EL("Building<br/>Data"); HL("Flood map"); GS("Geospatial<br/>matching"); EL --> GS; HL --> GS; PY("Python<br/>function"); GS --> CA("Analyse<br/>consequences"); PY -.-> CA; CA --> REP("Report<br/>collated<br/>results"); %% Styling class EL,HL rs-box-navy style EL color:#FFF style HL color:#FFF class CA,GS rs-box class REP rs-box-green class PY rs-box-optional

RiskScape supports a variety of input and output file formats, and can be used to evaluate the impacts of any geospatial hazard (or combination of hazards), such as flood, earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, landslide, sea level rise, or cyclone.

RiskScape provides a well-defined model workflow that suits most exposure and deterministic models, but also provides the flexibility to build more complex probabilistic models from scratch.

How does it work?

RiskScape provides a wizard to help users build a simple risk model initially, by answering a series of questions relating to their input data and what is being modelled.

Underneath the hood, RiskScape uses its own scripting language to describe the model’s processing workflow as what is called a pipeline. A pipeline simply defines a series of data processing steps, written as simple expressions that are similar to spreadsheet formula or basic Python statements. RiskScape takes the wizard answers and turns it into pipeline code that it can execute.

As modellers become more advanced RiskScape users, they can completely customize their modelling workflow by defining it directly in pipeline code, using the pipeline code produced by a wizard model as a starting point.

Currently RiskScape is a CLI tool, so users ‘run’ their models from the command-line. Running a model means RiskScape executes the underlying data processing pipeline, i.e. reading in the input data, processing it as instructed, and saving the results to file.

Models support parameters, which allows you to re-run a model whilst varying the input data files or other assumptions that the model makes.

graph LR WIZ("Wizard answers"); DSL("Customized<br/>pipeline code"); MODEL("Risk Model"); WIZ -- Beginners --> MODEL; DSL -- Advanced --> MODEL; PARAMS("Parameters<br/>to vary") -.-> MODEL; MODEL --> PIPE("Pipeline<br/>to execute"); %% Styling class PARAMS rs-box-optional class DSL,WIZ,MODEL,PARAMS,PIPE rs-box

The details of the models and pipelines are stored in plain-text files (e.g. INI files) that tell RiskScape exactly what to do. This collection of files is called a project. The project defines the model workflows from start to finish, including which input data files and vulnerability functions should be used.

What are projects for?

Projects are a way to organize your RiskScape models so that related models are grouped together in a sensible way, i.e. models that involve related hazards, and that affect the same features of interest, are kept in the same project.

A project contains the complete set of RiskScape instructions required to run one or more models. This can include:

  • Input data sources: Data from various popular GIS sources can be used, without needing to be imported or pre-processed. The locations of the various input files, as well as any additional instructions on how to load the data, is specified in what is called a RiskScape bookmark.

  • Functions: Users can write their own functions in Python to assess the impact a hazard has on an element-at-risk, such as estimating damage, calculating costs, or sampling a probabilistic curve. Advanced users can also use functions to manipulate or transform the data at any point in the pipeline.

  • Types: RiskScape uses a type system to represent the structure of the data as it flows through the model. Types constrain how the input data can be manipulated, such as what functions can be used. Compound types can represent a set of attributes, such as a building asset or the consequence (losses, damage, etc) from the hazard.

  • Models: The model is the combination of input data, functions, and other parameters that are applied to a data processing pipeline to produce results. Models can be defined from saved wizard answers or can be defined directly in pipeline code.

The project contains all the components, which when put together, result in executable model pipelines.

graph TD subgraph Input data source WFS("WFS/WCS"); FILES("Shapefiles, Rasters, CSV"); POSTGIS("PostGIS"); BOOKMARKS("Bookmarks"); end TYPES("Types"); WFS --> BOOKMARKS; FILES --> BOOKMARKS; POSTGIS --> BOOKMARKS; FUNCTIONS("Functions") TYPES -.-> BOOKMARKS; TYPES -.-> FUNCTIONS; MODELS("Models"); FUNCTIONS --> MODELS; BOOKMARKS --> MODELS; %% Styling class WFS,FILES,POSTGIS,FUNCTIONS,BOOKMARKS rs-box-navy style WFS color:#FFF style FILES color:#FFF style POSTGIS color:#FFF style FUNCTIONS color:#FFF style BOOKMARKS color:#FFF class TYPES rs-box-optional class MODELS rs-box-green

How do I get started?

Follow the Installation and setup guide to install RiskScape on your system.

Then follow the Getting started modelling in RiskScape tutorial to get a feel for running a basic model in RiskScape.